REASONS FOR MEASURING THE MOISTURE CONTENT IN NATURAL GAS
1. Natural Gas must often be dried before it can be distributed to its end users. The drying is necessary to prevent hydrate formation and liquid water deposition in the pipelines and/or condensation in the compressors; all of which would either cause damage or poor performance of the equipment. This drying is often accomplished by dehydration utilizing Tri-ethylene Glycol (TEG) contactors, which are very effective but introduce a TEG residue carryover into the Natural Gas. The drying process has a high cost associated with it, therefore it is important to dry the gas but not spend excessive resources to over dry it. Thus it becomes important to perform moisture content measurements on the Natural Gas after it has passed thought the dehydration equipment. Not dry enough and there may be failures – while too dry and there is a waste of resources.
Application Notes
SF6 is often used as a dielectric and arc-suppression medium in gas insulated equipment (GIE). Most manufacturers of GIE’s recommend maximum and minimum tolerances for certain variables within the gas, including moisture, gas decomposition, and purity of SF6.
Exceeding the GIE recommended moisture levels will cause formation of acidic by-products, such as HF, SO2, SOF2, etc. Therefore, it is important that end-users measure the SF6 moisture content with reliable, cost-effective, and durable moisture analyzers.
All test equipment requires that the sample gas be dissipated. Thus, the longer the equipment takes to perform an accurate reading, the more valuable gas is wasted; in addition SF6 gas is detrimental to the earth’s ozone layer. The gas can be recaptured at the exhaust port of some equipment.
Exceeding the GIE recommended moisture levels will cause formation of acidic by-products, such as HF, SO2, SOF2, etc. Therefore, it is important that end-users measure the SF6 moisture content with reliable, cost-effective, and durable moisture analyzers.
All test equipment requires that the sample gas be dissipated. Thus, the longer the equipment takes to perform an accurate reading, the more valuable gas is wasted; in addition SF6 gas is detrimental to the earth’s ozone layer. The gas can be recaptured at the exhaust port of some equipment.
Compressed Air is so widely used in industrial plants that it may be considered as a utility like electricity, gas and water. Compressed Air is a convenient and safe energy source for many kinds of power tools, processes and various equipment. Compressors are utilized to produce the required compressed air. As the air is compressed, the water vapor contained in the atmosphere is compressed along with it; the increased pressure causes much of the water vapor in the air to condense and drop out in a liquid form. When the compressed air is cooled, more water vapor can condense and drop out as a liquid. It is well recognized that the presence of liquid water in the compressed air system can cause a variety of problems in the long term reliability of the system as well as the immediate ability of the system to operate. Therefore all compressed air installations have some means of removing the liquid water. In addition most installations have a means of further drying the compressed air to prevent condensation - if the ambient temperature changes or if the air cools at locations where there is a rapid pressure drop. There are many technologies available to achieve the task of drying the compressed air, each with different capabilities. The degree to which the compressed air should be dried depends on the specifications of the equipment being operated by the compressed air. Some examples are: for Air Motors -30°Cdp, for Paint Spray systems